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Plant intracellular immune receptors of the nucleotide-binding leucin-rich repeat receptor (NLR) family mediate recognition of pathogen-derived effector proteins and the induction of a strong immune response, which in many cases lead to a hypersensitive response, a type of programmed cell death of the infected cells. Based on their N-terminal domain architecture three classes of NLRs have been described in plants, Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor/resistance (TIR) NLRs (TNLs), coiled-coil (CC) NLRs (CNLs) and the RPW8-like coiled-coil (CC_R) domain NLRs (RNLs). In Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) the RNL subclass is encoded by two gene families, ACTIVATED DISEASE RESISTANCE 1 (ADR1) and N REQUIREMENT GENE 1 (NRG1). RNLs are required for immune signalling and cell death induction of many other NLRs, particularly TNLs, and therefore also considered as helper NLRs. Our research investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying CNL and RNL mediated immune signalling and cell death induction during auto-immunity and pathogen infections.