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Work-package 2

Quantitative estimation of water, carbon, nitrogen and pesticides stocks and fluxes and evaluation of the associated environmental impacts

WP2 objective is to quantify different stocks and fluxes to enable the evaluation of the environmental impacts associated to each of the studied cropping system in MicMac-Design project.

Indeed, the quantitative estimation of the organic matter, nitrogen and carbon stocks variations and fluxes (available water, NO3- lixiviation, gaseous emissions, pesticides transfer…) is necessary for this evaluation.

However, it is severely constrained at two levels:

i) not all fluxes/stocks are fully measurable both in space and time, because of technical as well as cost limits. This limits the possibility to fully and accurately integrate all aspects of a crop system consequences;

ii) we have to deal with the soil spatial variability on the studied site, which makes comparison between the crop systems difficult.

Part of MicMac-Design approach to address these issues will be to combine experimental measurements and modelling.

Experimental measurements will be focused on two main field trials, each one having specific characteristics: low-input systems and mainly water and C-N cycles at field trial in Auzeville INRA station and mainly pesticides at EIP Lamothe field trial.

Field measurements will allow a direct evaluation of some fluxes as well as model validation and calibration.

Modelling will give access to the necessary integration (all relevant processes, time and space) to reach a complete balance of fluxes and will also offer in addition the possibility to overcome the influence of soil spatial variability.

Another aspect of the approach will be to focus our experimental and modelling effort on fluxes that are the more uncertain and have a significant impact on the cropping system performances, with a special emphasis on gaseous losses through N2O emissions and the role of the introduction of legumes and herbicide transfers.

WP2 is organized in two tasks:

- WP2.1:Quantification and modelling of water, C-N cycles and associated greenhouse gaseous emissions (N2O and CO2)

- WP2.2: Quantification and modelling of pesticides fluxes

WP2 coordinators:

Lionel Alletto (EI Purpan) Joël Léonard (INRA Agro-Impact) Eric Justes (UMR AGIR, INRA Toulouse)