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Model architecture

Model description

Main processes being represented

Process represented : crop yield, crop growth and development of various crops

Space : weather grid

Time : daily timestep

CGMS is constituted of three components:

• Weather monitoring, dedicated to the gathering and processing of meteorological data. It produces meteorological indicators for early alert warning and crop modelling.
• Crop growth modelling, with the purpose of producing crop status indicators ingesting weather data and static data (crop parameters, soil information, management practices) in crop modelling solutions.
• Statistical methods, for the evaluation of results, interpreting the relationships between crop indicators and crop yield and assisting in yield forecasting.

Description of the inputs

Description of the outputs

A number of weather and crop variables, which are aggregated to all considered NUTS-levels. These output variables serve as regional weather and yield indicators and are visualized as European weather and yield maps:

The most important variables are:

- number of days since emergence (d);

- development stage of crop (-);

- thermal time since emergence (C•d);

- dry weight of living leaves (kg•ha-1);

- dry weight of living stems (kg•ha-1);

- dry weight of living storage organs (kg•ha-1);

- total above ground production (dead and living plant organs) (kg•ha-1);

- leaf area index: (leaf area)/(soil area) (ha•ha-1);

- transpiration rate (mm•d-1);

- gross assimilation rate (kg (CH2O) •ha-1•d-1);

- maintenance respiration rate (kg (CH2O) •ha-1•d-1);

- rate of dry matter increase (kg•ha-1•d-1).

- depth of actual root zone (cm);

- soil moisture content in actual root zone (cm-3(water) / (cm-3(soil));

- available soil water in potential root zone (in and below actual root zone) (cm water);

-  amount of water available in actual root zone (cm water);

- total rainfall in the simulation period (mm);

- evaporation rate from soil or from water stored on soil surface (mm•d-1);

- surface storage (cm water);

- depth of groundwater table (cm below soil surface)

- days characterized by reduced crop growth due to oxygen shortage (d);

- days characterized by reduced crop growth due to water shortage (d).

Condition of access to the model code

The copyright holder of WOFOST Control Centre 1.8 and WOFOST 7.1.3 is Alterra, Wageningen University & Research Centre. The software can be ordered at the contact addresses and is also available at the internet (http://www.wofost.wur.nl). The source code of the WOFOST 7.1.3 model (in FORTRAN77) can be obtained from the same website and is licensed under the European Union Public License. You can obtain a copy of this license at http://www.osor.eu/eupl. The EUPL is an open source license and meets the conditions expressed by the Free Software Foundation: Freedom to use or run it for any purpose and any number of users; Freedom to obtain the Source Code (in order to study how the software works); Freedom to share, to redistribute copies of the software; Freedom to modify, adapt, improve the software according to specific needs and to share these modifications.

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the EUPL is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

References

http://mars.jrc.ec.europa.eu/mars/About-us/AGRI4CAST/Models-Software-Tools/Crop-Growth-Monitoring-System-CGMS

Savin, I., Boogaard, H., Diepen, C. van, Nègre, T. (eds), 2004. CGMS version 8.0. User Manual and Technical Documentation. European Communities (ISBN 92-894-8339-3).

Supit, I., Hooijer, A.A., Van Diepen, C.A., Edts, 1994 (reprint 1996). System description of the WOFOST 6.0 crop simulation model implemented in CGMS. Volume 1: Theory and Algorithms. EUR Publication N° 15959 EN of theOffice for Official Publications of the EC. Luxembourg, 146 pp.